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Colonoscopy (Gastroenterology) *
Colonoscopy enables visual inspection of the entire large bowel from the distal rectum to the cecum. The procedure is a safe and effective means of evaluating the large bowel. Compared with other imaging modalities, colonoscopy is especially useful in detecting small lesions such as adenomas; however, the main advantage of colonoscopy is that it allows for intervention, since biopsies can be taken and polyps removed.
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Colon, Polyposis Syndromes (Gastroenterology) *
A gastrointestinal polyp is defined as a mass of the mucosal surface protruding into the lumen of the bowel. Polyps can be neoplastic, nonneoplastic, or submucosal. Gastrointestinal polyposis is characterized by multiple polyps within the gastrointestinal tract. Polyposis syndromes may be classified as familial inherited (autosomal dominant) or nonfamilial. The inherited polyposis syndromes can be further subdivided into 2 groups, depending on whether the polyps are adenomas or hamartomas.
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Colon Cancer, Adenocarcinoma (Gastroenterology) *
Colorectal cancer is the third most common cancer in both men and women in the United States. Risk factors include age, a diet rich in fat and cholesterol, inflammatory bowel disease (especially ulcerative colitis), and genetic predisposition, including hereditary polyposis and nonpolyposis syndromes. If detected early, colorectal cancer is curable by surgery. Adjuvant chemotherapy can prolong survival in disease that has reached the lymph nodes. Radiotherapy is used in cases of rectal cancer to reduce the risk of local recurrence.
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Intestinal Polypoid Adenomas (Gastroenterology) *
The term intestinal polyp is used to describe any projection arising from flat mucosa into the intestinal lumen. Polyps can be broadly classified as neoplastic and nonneoplastic. Neoplastic polyps can be further classified as either adenomatous (premalignant) or malignant. Approximately 95% of all colorectal carcinomas are believed to arise from adenomas, a finding that underscores the importance of treatment and surveillance of adenomas of the gastrointestinal tract.
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Villous Adenoma *
Adenomatous polyps are, by definition, neoplastic. Although benign, they are the direct precursors of adenocarcinomas and follow a predictable cancerous temporal course unless interrupted by treatment. They can be either pedunculated or sessile. Adenomas are divided into 3 subtypes based on histologic criteria, (1) tubular, (2) tubulovillous, and (3) villous.
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* The above articles are provided by eMedicine, which is responsible for their contents.
HalfLytely and Bisacodyl Tablets Bowel Prep Kit is a
gastrointestinal lavage indicated for cleansing of the
colon as a preparation for colonoscopy in adults. Most
common adverse reactions (<3%) are abdominal
pain/cramping, nausea, vomiting and headache. Use is
contraindicated in the following conditions: known
allergies to polyethylene glycol or other components of
the kit, gastrointestinal (GI) obstruction, bowel
perforation, toxic colitis, toxic megacolon.
Use with caution in patients using concomitant
medications (such as diuretics) that increase the risk
of electrolyte abnormality, patients with known or
suspected hyponatremia, patients with severe ulcerative
colitis, ileus or gastric retention. There have been
reports of ischemic colitis in patients with use of
HalfLytely and 20 mg Bisacodyl Tablets Bowel Prep Kit.
However, a causal relationship has not been established.
If patients develop severe abdominal pain or rectal
bleeding, patients should be evaluated as soon as
possible. Patients with impaired water handling who
experience severe vomiting should be closely monitored
including measurement of electrolytes. Hives and skin
rashes have been reported with PEG-based products which
are suggestive of an allergic reaction.
Click here for full prescribing information
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